II. This interactive video explores how scientists identify which bat populations are infected with Nipah virus and could transmit the virus to humans. Students apply what they have learned to evaluate the results of different tests that have been used throughout sports history to qualify female athletes to compete. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. As of 2014, about 350,000 savanna elephants were living in Africa. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. The study shows that tuskless male elephant offspring are not viable, meaning that population decline is accentuated, Pelletier says. Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. PART 2: Video Activity . 7. Campbell-Staton and his co-first author, Brian Arnold of Princeton, were able to join forces with the other researchers to collect blood samples from 18 femalessome with tusks and some withoutthat would meet the genomic requirements for the project. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. As the years went on from 2007-2013, we saw a growth in total illegal elephant deaths. Poaching is artificially selecting for tuskless elephants who can better survive, mate, and pass on their genes to the next generation. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. This activity explores images of elephants with and without tusks, which serve as phenomena for learning about selection and human impacts on the frequency of traits within populations. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. Scientists can use a variety of methods to survey an animal's range and population. !: H3d -:Cg Zf d1 chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. Resume watching the video until Only Meat: 19/129 * (100%) = 14.73% b. In this inquiry-based activity, students engage in science practices to figure out why some people with a genetic condition that usually leads to sickle cell disease do not have disease symptoms. View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Look up the definition of the term poaching and summarize your understanding of what it means in the space below. Lessons. The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. In population simulations, the researchers confirmed that it is extremely unlikely that tusklessness would have changed so drastically by chance alone. v0E H+1Q` d Tuskless mothers, on the other hand, had about an equal proportion of daughters with or without tusks (or, in some cases, with a single tusk). Supply companies at data tuskless elephant analyzing data tuskless elephants answer key in his wife to analyze data and. Africa, adaptation, Gorongosa, microevolution, scientific methodology, scientific process, selective pressure, trait. In 1989, when elephant ethologist Joyce Poole began carrying out surveys of three East African elephant populations to understand the impact that heavy poaching was having on them, she quickly noted several stark trends. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. biointeractive 231K subscribers Subscribe 1.3K Share 130K views 5 years ago Elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the. 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. After creating an account, educators can save and organize their favorite BioInteractive resources and discover recommendations tailored to their interests. Natural Selection Published October 2018 www.BioInteractive.org Page 3 of 6 Activity Student Handout Video Activity 7. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. iU View details . The following statement reflects our current and specific actions. In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. Thanks for reading Scientific American. Watch the Selection for Tuskless Elephants video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. This video presents an intriguing phenomenon: two patients who carry the same genetic variation, which is known to cause sickle cell disease, have very different outcomes. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! This activity guides students through learning and using key scientific terms, culminating in the creation of a customizable diagram. Poaching is selecting for tuskless elephants, which are more likely to survive, mate, and pass on their genes. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants | HHMI BioInteractive Video biointeractive 2 years ago The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs HHMI BioInteractive. Thanks for reading Scientific American. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Howard Hughes Medical Institute Statistical Data Explorer. Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephant www.BioInteractive.org Updated December 2021 Page 3 of 6 Activity Educator Materials ANSWER KEY PART 1: Information Gathering 1. Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. Propose a claim supported by scientific evidence to answer a research question. All workshops are online, facilitated by Ambassadors, and include opportunities to interact with our resources and learn from other educators. A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing, Vertebrates May Have Used Vocal Communication More Than 100 Million Years Earlier Than We Thought. Scientists are trying to determine the genes involved in tusk development and how variations in these genes can lead to tusklessness. 2. Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosomea genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. 0 Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. Meat Only: 19 b. Tusks Only: 75 c. Meat and Tusks: 27 4. This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. HS-LS4-2, HS-LS4-3, HS-LS4-4, HS-LS4-5; SEP1, SEP5, SEP6, EVO-1.E, EVO-1.G, SYI-2.B, SYI-3.D; SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, Topic(s): 2.1, 2.6, 9.10 Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Moth Mimicry: Using Ultrasound to Avoid Bats. The first six weeks of the 15-week laboratory portion were conducted in a synchronous virtual format, using BioInteractive materials to teach the basic skills necessary to start the ethogram project. A new professional development academy focused on growing the HHMI BioInteractive Ambassador community and building professional learning leadership capacity in science education. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. keyboard_arrow_up Show footer 254 0 obj <> endobj Posted on 11/01/2021 by 11/01/2021 by Poaching brings evolutionary pressure for tusklessness. Watch the . Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. Key Concepts. This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. endstream endobj 255 0 obj <. The frequency of tusklessness, the team found, increased from about 18.5 percent before the war to 50.9 percent after. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. hb```lRB Some prevent pathogens from entering the body, and some attack pathogens already inside the body. 0 452 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<236583C912FAC64F88BAF3D554E36451>]/Index[415 68]/Info 414 0 R/Length 157/Prev 328511/Root 416 0 R/Size 483/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. |U#62RF>^/,[4@[S5MT3M_q+; u* The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. Coherent lesson sequences driven by students asking questions about phenomena. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. %PDF-1.6 % BioInteractive is committed to providing equitable learning opportunities to educators and students. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. In this video Dr. Joyce Poole explains a possible reason. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so there is a strong natural selection for having tusks. AQ` n& But he found himself sucked into the mystery of tuskless elephants when he watched a YouTube video about the phenomenon. Math.N-Q.A.1, Math.N-Q.A.3, Math.S-IC.3; MP2, MP3, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license, Why no tusks? Perri Carr describes how she uses BioInteractives elephant resources to teach concepts ranging from biotechnology to genetics to ecology and conservation. endstream endobj 256 0 obj <. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. In this article from professor Karen Avery, see how she uses this unassuming model organism to teach concepts in cellular biology and genetics. hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key About; Location; Menu; FAQ; Contacts This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. hbbd```b``"WHg -,^ Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. 482 0 obj <>stream Follow Nuwer on Twitter @RachelNuwerCredit: Nick Higgins. hbbd```b``"WH&. lz`f1,f u d Vi 2D7e@l( XDrG;".|`10H-v9Pl=0 u hb```lJB endstream endobj 416 0 obj <. It is important to track how many elephants are left and where they live to help protect them. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Description. As you watch the videos, complete the questions from the "Task 1" handout. Hear how experienced science educators are using BioInteractive resources with their students. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. In this video, biologist Shane Campbell-Staton walks through the steps of collecting DNA samples from elephants in Gorongosa National Park and how he plans to analyze their DNA sequences.For more information and related materials, visit HHMI BioInteractive:https://www.biointeractive.org/classroom-resources/genetics-tusklessness-elephants 6. More than 30 years later, she finally may have her answer. biointeractive 232K subscribers Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago How many African elephants are left and where are they? Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! Real science, real stories, and real data to engage students in exploring the living world. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the observation that many female elephants lack tusks. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. This web tool provides a quick and easy way of visualizing and analyzing data without advanced technological requirements. If you're interested in using facilitated discussions to promote scientific literacy and empower students to make evidence-based decisions, this article from professor Holly Basta details how she restructured her course to promote student questioning and talk. %%EOF 292 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<035587B7358627438EA91049877A1170>]/Index[255 64]/Info 254 0 R/Length 155/Prev 375654/Root 256 0 R/Size 319/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream %%EOF Explain how characteristics associated with biological sex may affect athletic performance. Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants that survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. Answers may vary. No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. +A,2k]lJ^G@R`Y0~8!CNC!MM5V_.0mLt(P1Gh9 k1]8Ay0 Ik@ +Xndi) g[! Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the ivory market. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. In Gorongosa National Park, Poole found that among the older female elephants, who survived a period of heavy poaching in the park, over 50% are tuskless. HS-LS1.A, HS-LS1.B, HS-LS3.B, HS-LS4.ASEP6, SEP8, IST-1.P, IST-1.J, IST-2.E, IST-4.A; SP1, SP2, SP4, SP6, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Cellular and Molecular Biology Resources, Desktop App - macOS 10.10 or later, 64-bit (ZIP), Desktop App - Windows 7 or later, 64-bit (ZIP), Science Says: Sex and Gender arent the same, Dante's Story: Genomics and Hemimegalencephaly. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. II. We were going to drive around at Gorongosa, spot an elephant, see if the elephant had tusks or not, wait for the elephant to poop and then collect its DNA, he says. pe*X|Xem&5*d X;d3^"kNIc rH+d ``s2AJn#*d9X;DAge`0?k G For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosome a genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. a. These declines may be a part of Earths next mass extinction. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 This video follows ecologist Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, who is studying how elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the ground. But why werent there any tuskless males?. BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators.
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hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key