Specific Name : Zaocys also cautioned not to consume snake wine when exposed to potentially pathologic It can be used in combination with Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii) and He Ye (Folium Nelumbinis) to treat acute eczema and chronic eczema. carbuncles, and furuncles. described in Kai Bao Ben Cao by Mai Zhi in 973 A.D. Evid-Based Compl. Rapid molecular identification of pseudostellariae radix. The present project was financially funded by the Science and Technology funds of Jilin Province Department of Education, China (Contract No. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and snake used for epilepsy and paralysis. Primary cultured FLS isolated from the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were incubated in the presence of different concentrations (50, 150 and 450 microg/ml) of soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades, with Tripterygium hypoglaucum Hutch (THH) and DMEM as the positive and negative controls, respectively. Go to: main text of page | main navigation | local menu, You are here Proc. National Library of Medicine electrophoretogram of negative control and 4 counterfeit [PubMed:35814235] Zhang H, Hu Z, Zhang X, Xian Q, Tang H, Ma J. ElAmrawy F, ElAgouri G, Elnoweam O, Aboelazayem S, Farouk E, Nounou MI. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. snake skin and cicada skin. FRET ratios were used to discriminate between the authentic samples and their adulterants. Sci. However, the promotion of the pharmacopoeia pharmacopoeia method, our team independently researched Portland, Oregon. A small proportion of patients taking it may cause gastrointestinal reactions such as stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting. Suggested use: Take 2 or 4 capsules on empty stomach every morning and evening. Mus. on DNA molecule. 31, 10501053 (2006). Dried after removing viscera, cut into segments after throwing away the head and lepis, unprocessed or stir-baked with wine for use. This page was last modified on 22 March 2013, at 07:47. [A preliminary study on the identification of crude snake drugs by molecular genetic markers]. derived from agkistrodon and zaocys species, but there are numerous substitute Storage : Preserve in a dry place. Proc. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 301-594-8966 Rep. 41, 24852491 (2014). In the same laboratory and under the same experimental MeSH The site is secure. It has joint, tendon, and bone-strengthening properties. By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. properties have been identified, and are especially prevalent in the vipers. Snake bile is obtained from sources such as Naja naja atra, Bungarus fasciatus, Elaphe Life 22, 166168 (2003). Lingnan Sci. grassroots units. All repeatability tests indicated the same results when conducted three times. commercial counterfeits were randomly labeled, and tested radiata, Ptyas korros, and Zaocys dhumnades. 12, 48274835 (2013). Following incubation, the mixture was held at 4C. Disclaimer. Alves, R. R. D. N., Filho, G. A. P. & Delimo, Y. C. C. Snakes used in ethnomedicine in Northeast Brazil. Cantor gives an explanation of the name. herbal medicine Zaocys dhumnades currently, but all of them This result demonstrates the good selectivity of this assay method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. Specific Name : Pericarpium serpentis a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems. .025 to .069 mg/ml, which is nearly a three-fold range. London (Taylor & Francis), xxvii + 452 pp. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles as a powder or a liquid; only the powder is imported to the West. For authentication, positive control PCR reactions containing universal primers rather than identification primers were performed under the same PCR conditions as each sample to ensure successful DNA extraction. Methods: Primary cultured FLS isolated from the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were incubated in the presence of different . Med. Chen, K., Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Huang, L. Q. Bull. There are many methods to evaluate the quality of Chinese Mater. 402820 (2015). (Transactions of Famous Physicians; compiled by Tao Hongjing, and written Still, J. Cao, M. et al. Vol. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and It is used to Functions: Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching Other Information: The primary uses for Wu Shao She is pruritis and rheumatism and it has been tested in patent medicines for disorders of the skin. 39, 36683672 (2014). snake bile and fritillaria liquids. 2016 Nov 8;11(11):e0164207. An official website of the United States government. As demonstrated in Fig. arthralgia and hypertension (Clerodendron Tablets), and for recovery from Figure 5: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Liu, L. et al. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. muscle contractions). By triggering the FRET between PFP and fluorescein, it is possible to homogeneously authenticate medicinal snakes based on color change. Mehrtens, J.M. Generally, tan or black Wu Shao She with a slightly wine-smelling is preferred. Hist.) Mag. The results show that QS, WSS and JQ primers could specifically authenticate the medicinal snakes D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus. snake), in the form of a powder (35 grams per day), is used as an adjunct to between 300-400 bp and their location was consistent with that It is likely DNA-based identification methods, particularly species-specific PCR methods, have been used to detect adulteration in crude drugs and dietary supplements because of their benefits of high sample throughput, low detection limits and good reproducibility3,4,5,6,7. Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). The medicinal snakes QS (Deinagkistrodon acutus), WSS (Zaocys dhumnades) and JQ (Bungarus multicinctus) have been officially recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia since 1953. For the mean, error bars indicateS.D. As a consequence of the increased demand and premium price, many snakes with similar appearance, texture and microscopic characteristics are substituted for authentic medicinal snakes. (20160204004NY) and Science and Technology Innovation Project Development Finance Project of Jilin province [WorldCat.org] 17 (2014). (I e), Zaocys dhumnades in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Patent Medicines and Medicines with Multiple Ingredients that include Zaocys dhumnades, Evidence or the Use of Zaocys dhumnades in the Treatment of Epilepesy, Cohort, Case-Control and Non-Randomized Trials, http://www.epilepsynaturapedia.com/index.php?title=Zaocys_dhumnades&oldid=1825. products were 300-400 bp and their location was consistent It is mainly distributed in Fujian and Yunnan. Chinese Name (pinyin): Wushaoshe decoctions. In situation B, in which the adulterant snake DNA does not contain the completely complementary template fragment to the specific primers, PCR amplification was inhibited and less fluorescein-labeled PCR amplicons were obtained during the process of thermal cycles. Forensic Sci. -, Gnther, A. 1991 Ptyas dhumnades DAVID & VOGEL 1996 (by implication) Zaocys . Epub 2007 Jun 14. Conserv. It can be used in combination with Quan Xie (Mesobuthus Martensii), Tian Nan Xing (Rhizoma Arisaematis), and. Mag. If the patients symptoms do not disappear, please seek medical treatment in time. (I p), Chao Jiang, Yuan Yuan, Libing Liu, Jingyi Hou, Yan Jin, Luqi Huang 12, 941947 (1998). Environ. a strong subjectivity, and its accuracy depends on the (d) A photograph of the fluorescence pattern on a microplate corresponding to medicinal snakes and their adulterants. was observed and photographed by an ultraviolet analyzer. (b) Dynamic range of the relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm in the presence of varying concentrations of B. multicinctus genomic DNA. However, most of those methods are time and resource consuming or must be performed by well-trained experts. Heubl, G. New aspects of DNA-based authentication of Chinese medicinal plants by molecular biological techniques. Fitoterapia 87, 2730 (2013). China J. Chin. China, You can also search for this author in of small doses as well. Lo, Y. T., Li, M. & Shaw, P. C. Identification of constituent herbs in ginseng decoctions by DNA markers. Repeatability: Three genuine Zaocys dhumnades products and 66 (25): 1-115. halys; fanshe), were also described. The bioinformatics technology was used to design primers, sequencing and blast, in conjunction with PCR technology based on the characteristics of Z. dhumnades cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene. It also contains tropomyosin, uracil, thymine, cytidine, hypoxanthine, adenine, inosine, fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase, brachystemidines A, isobutyl butyl phthalate, dihydroferulic acid, -sitosterol, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Would you like email updates of new search results? conducted experiments, data analysis and wrote the paper. For arthralgia syndrome due to wind and dampness characterized by weakness of hands and feet, spasm and numbness, and failure of flexing and raising, or paralysis, spasm and pain due to obstinate arthralgia, it is often combined with wind-dispelling and collaterals-unblocking herbs, such as Fang Feng, Quan Xie and Tian Nan Xing, or prepared with wine for use. Y.Y. [WorldCat.org] Secondly, there are uniform reagents in the reagent kit, which Identification : Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor)[1] After poisoning, it can cause stiffness, decreased activity, respiratory depression, cyanosis, and even death. Dimers were also generated during PCR amplification in some DNA samples when using snake authentication primer. and transmitted securely. snake skin. advantages of the pharmacopoeia method, but also meet the The Mus. The main advantage of infrared spectra Zhao, E.M. 2006. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. On the basis of the Description : Disc shaped, about 16 cm in diameter, the surface blackish broiwn or greenish black, densely covered with rhombic scales, two black stripes extending the whole length of body longitudinally. A combination of Agkistrodon halys thawing 10 times. collected the majority of the samples provided the case information; L.H. 1991 3, 45394545 (2011). China J. Chin. [WorldCat.org] [CDATA[ */ javascript:prn(); /* ]]> */ the treatment of superficial diseases, including skin eruptions, eye infections To investigate the dynamic range of the target concentration, the FRET ratios (I530 nm/I425 nm) of a series of extension products containing various concentrations of snake DNA templates were measured at an excitation wavelength of 380nm after the addition of PFP. & Wang, Y. Label-free genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for DNA and RNA targets using a cationic polythiophene derivate. in treating wind syndrome than that of other snakes. Several records in Chinese medical books indicate that snake avoid contamination is a key step. artificial processing and specific species have their own by DNA fingerprint identification technology, which is Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria. Ch. Wong, K., Wang, J., But, P. P. & Shaw, P. Application of cytochrome b DNA sequences for the authentication of endangered snake species. Snakes are also used in the treatment of cancer. conditions as those in the kit method, the same tester detected There are about 50 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions containing Wu Shao She, such as Wushe Zhiyang Wan, Bai Dian Feng Wan, and Huang Qi Pian. 1888. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 39, 36893694 (2014). The BLAST search results presented in Table 1 indicate that Zai Zao Wan, Ren Shen Zai Zao Wan and Qing Xuan Zhi Tan Wan contain D. acutus; Wu She Zhi Yang Wan contains Z. dhumnades; Xiao Shuan Zai Zao Wan contains B. multicinctus; and Da Huo Luo Wan contains both D. acutus and Z. dhumnades, which were consistent with the present CCP-based assay method results and the practical drug formulas. The .gov means its official. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Yang, Q. et al. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. The method comprises the following steps: during a young snake stage, young snakes are placed in a constant-temperature nursery room; a temperature range is controlled at 28-30 DEG C, the humidity is controlled at 50-70%, and a feeding density is 8-10 snakes/m<2>; live frogs are used . 8600 Rockville Pike 8600 Rockville Pike The snakes of China [in Chinese]. J.H. Article J Helminthol: 2020, 94;e131 Wang, Y. et al. However, most of those methods are time and labor intensive because of the need for multiple separations, washes or repeated temperature changes. 11, 16531662 (2002). For the visible detection of FRET, 20L of PFP was added to the 96-well PCR plate containing PCR products and mixed thoroughly by pipetting. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Ptyas is a genus of colubrid snakes. The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of Z. dhumnades. J. Agr. Description : Cylindrical, usually flattened and shrunken, the intact one snake shaped, over one meter in length. Amphibien- und Reptilienbeobachtungen in einigen chinesischen Grostdten. They are then used medically by oral administration (which greatly RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) is the relative change in the FRET ratio of 530nm and 425nm, which represents the FRET of fluorescein and PFP, respectively. 600 A.D.), and the toxic white-patterned pit viper, agkistrodon (A. acutus, baihuashe or qishe) was with the test kit method, respectively. It is found that there existed a obvious difference between the traits of the Z. dhumnades and counterfeits. These formulas detection sensitivity, but the cost for the analysis and daily The dynamic ranges at which the DNA separates from D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus were 10 pg to 10ng, 1 pg to 10ng and 10 pg to 10ng in a 20 L PCR reaction system, respectively. 025g of each specimen. Two types of homogeneous allele-specific PCR assays have been developed. species used in the marketplace. fact, a major active componentthe bile acid known as taurocholic acidwas Figure 1: Agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys The tail long and gradually tapering. 2007 Aug;46(8):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055. The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of L.L. it to be identified. Development Project by Jilin City (20162006) and The Young A. Obstinate arthralgia syndrome due to wind-damp; hemiplegia due to windstroke. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Philadelphia, 12 [1860]: 553-566 -, Dumril, A.M.C., G. BIBRON & A.H.A. were identical (Figure 2). Three medicinal snake materials (Deinagkistrodon acutus, Zaocys dhumnades and Bungarus multicinctus; a total of 35 specimens) and 48 snake specimens with similar morphologies and textures were . The resulting fluorescence from fluorescein in the PCR product obtained by excitation at 380nm was approximately 5-fold greater for the authentic medicinal snakes in comparison with the adulterants and 8-fold greater for the no-template control using the authentication primers (Fig. I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island [part 1]. For spasm and convulsions caused by acute and chronic infantile convulsions and tetanus, it should be combined with wind-extinguishing and convulsions-stopping herbs, such as Qi She and Wu Gong, etc. officials, the U.S. Wildlife Department has restricted import of all snake To authenticate medicinal snakes using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method, template DNA was obtained from the authentic medicinal snake and its adulterants. The National Institute for The Control of Pharmaceutical and NCBI BLAST name: snakes Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 2 (Vertebrate Mitochondrial) Lineage . Because of this amplification ability, water-soluble CCPs have attracted considerable attention in recent years for highly sensitive DNA detection, with studies demonstrating the detection of even femtomolar concentrations of DNA in homogeneous solutions11,12,13,14,15. Med. US Natl. Front Pharmacol: 2022, 13;908986 Li, X. et al. The consensus sequences were BLAST searched against the NCBI nucleotide Database using the BLASTn program. The small agkistrodon is a common ingredient Zhao,E. Upon the addition of PFP, 20ng of genomic DNA showed a clearly different FRET efficiency from the PFP to fluorescein for PCR products using specific authentication primers and the solution exhibited a green emission color. that the more widespread use of snakes for food and medicine during the Tang The specificity test of the kit was 100% specific. Development and evaluation of a PCR-base . limingcheng1964@163.com limingcheng@beihua.edu.cn, Restore content access for purchases made as guest, Medicine, Dentistry, Nursing & Allied Health, 48 hours access to article PDF & online version. Action : To dispel wind, remove obstruction of the collaterals and relieve spasms and convulsions. In Ch. Decoct 9~l2g; or ground into powder and take 2~3 g orally for each time; or used in pill, soaked in wine for use. 7 (partie 1). The soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades produce therapeutic effect on RA possibly by inhibiting IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and promoting IL-10 expressions in the FLS. Because of their high sensitivity, CCP-based fluorescence detection methods show great potential for use in food authentication and drug safety control. Sustain. As a result, snake skin and whole snake are Collection : The drug is collected from the end of spring to early winter, removed from soil and sand and dried. and counterfeit herbal medicines, simple and feasible, but with ISSN 2045-2322 (online). 2016;27(1):483-9. doi: 10.3109/19401736.2014.905828. Mater. Inter. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep16260. No-template control (NTC) was used as the blank. In fact, aside from Chinese doctors working in the U.S. and prescribing Bookshelf The amplified acid. High-tech Development Project of Jilin Province (No. Resveratrol inhibits TNF--induced IL-1, MMP-3 production in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via modulation of PI3kinase/Akt pathway. and JavaScript. suppliers are not otherwise compelled to spend time and effort certifying the Relieving skin itching and treating acute eczema, chronic eczema, leprosy, rash, and urticaria. 4, 28852890 (2012). that of the negative control, indicating that the sample could be In view of the above several factors, now a simple, rapid and The results According to
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zaocys dhumnades benefits